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HealthDay News — Use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) is associated with a higher prevalence of increased residual gastric content (RGC), according to a study published online March 6 in JAMA Surgery.
Sudipta Sen, MD, from McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, and colleagues examined the association between use of once-weekly GLP-1 RAs and the prevalence of increased RGC, a risk factor for aspiration under anesthesia, using gastric ultrasonography in a cross-sectional study. Before undergoing an elective procedure under anesthesia, participants followed preprocedural fasting guidelines.
The researchers found that the prevalence of increased RGC was 56% among the 62 patients with GLP-1 RA use (exposure group) compared with 19% in the 62 patients not taking a GLP-1 RA drug (control group). GLP-1 RA use was associated with a 30.5% higher prevalence of increased RGC after adjustment for confounding (adjusted prevalence ratio, 2.48). No association was seen between the duration of GLP-1 RA interruption and prevalence of increased RGC.
“Our study fills a significant gap in the current understanding and management of patients on GLP-1 RAs undergoing surgery,” senior author Omonele O. Nwokolo, MD, also from McGovern Medical School, said in a statement. “The lack of data had previously led societies to rely on expert opinion for guidance. Our evidence paves the way for informed guidelines and further research to mitigate anesthesia-related risks in this patient population.”
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