Sublocade

— THERAPEUTIC CATEGORIES —
  • Addiction/dependence

Sublocade Generic Name & Formulations

General Description

Buprenorphine ext-rel 100mg/0.5mL, 300mg/1.5mL; soln for SC inj.

Pharmacological Class

Opioid (partial agonist-antagonist).

How Supplied

Single-dose prefilled syringe—1 (w. needle)

Manufacturer

Generic Availability

NO

Mechanism of Action

Buprenorphine is a partial agonist at the mu‐opioid receptor and an antagonist at the kappa‐opioid receptor.

Sublocade Indications

Indications

Moderate to severe opioid use disorder in patients who have initiated treatment with a transmucosal buprenorphine-containing product, followed by dose adjustment for ≥7 days, as part of a complete treatment plan to include counseling and psychosocial support.

Sublocade Dosage and Administration

Adult

See full labeling. For SC inj into abdomen; rotate inj sites. Give as monthly inj with ≥26 days between doses. Initiate only following induction and dose-adjustment with transmucosal buprenorphine-containing product (8–24mg daily buprenorphine equivalent). 300mg monthly for first 2 months, followed by maintenance dose 100mg monthly; if tolerant and inadequate response, may increase to 300mg monthly. For patients in established treatment of 100mg monthly: may allow a single 300mg dose to cover a 2-month period if appropriate (eg, extended travel).

Children

Not established.

Sublocade Contraindications

Not Applicable

Sublocade Boxed Warnings

Boxed Warning

Risk of serious harm or death with IV administration. Sublocade REMS program.

Sublocade Warnings/Precautions

Warnings/Precautions

Potential risk for opioid overdose; strongly consider prescribing naloxone when initiating and renewing therapy. Consider prescribing naloxone if the patient has household members (eg, children) or other close contacts at risk of accidental ingestion or overdose. Not for IV, IM, or intradermal inj; risk of serious harm or death. Evaluate and treat if serious inj site reactions develop. Abuse potential (monitor). Risk of life-threatening respiratory and CNS depression; monitor. Compromised respiratory function (eg, COPD, cor pulmonale, decreased respiratory reserve, hypoxia, hypercapnia, pre-existing respiratory depression). Sleep-related breathing disorders (including central sleep apnea (CSA), sleep-related hypoxemia); consider dose reduction if CSA develops. Adrenal insufficiency. Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, unstable cardiac disease (eg, AF, bradycardia, CHF); monitor ECG periodically. Risk of QT prolongation (esp. in those with hypokalemia, bradycardia, recent conversion from atrial fibrillation, CHF, digitalis therapy, baseline QT prolongation, subclinical long-QT syndrome, severe hypomagnesemia). Obtain LFTs prior to initiation and monthly during treatment; evaluate if hepatic event is suspected. Prescribe a non-opioid analgesic for managing acute pain; may use opioid therapy under physician supervision. Avoid in opioid-naïve. Elevated CSF pressure (eg, head injury, intracranial lesions). Biliary tract dysfunction. Acute abdomen. Unintentional pediatric exposure. Acute alcoholism. Drug abusers. Reevaluate periodically. Avoid abrupt cessation. Moderate to severe hepatic impairment: not recommended. Elderly. Pregnancy; potential neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome during prolonged use. Labor & delivery, nursing mothers: monitor infants.

REMS

YES

Sublocade Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

After Sublocade injection, an initial peak was observed and the median Tmax occurred at 24 hours post injection. Steady-state achieved at 4–6 months.

Distribution

Plasma protein bound: ~96%.

Metabolism

CYP3A4.

Elimination

Fecal (69%), renal (30%). Half-life: 43–60 days.

Sublocade Interactions

Interactions

Increased risk of hypotension, respiratory depression, sedation, coma, and death with benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants (eg, non-benzodiazepine sedatives/hypnotics, anxiolytics, general anesthetics, tranquilizers, muscle relaxants, antipsychotics, alcohol, other opioids); discontinue these agents are preferred; or in some patients, gradually taper off or reduce to lowest effective dose may be appropriate; strongly consider prescribing naloxone if concomitant use is warranted. During or within 14 days of MAOIs (eg, phenelzine, tranylcypromine, linezolid): not recommended. Risk of serotonin syndrome with serotonergic drugs (eg, SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, triptans, 5-HT3 antagonists, mirtazapine, trazodone, tramadol, cyclobenzaprine, metaxalone, MAOIs, linezolid, IV methylene blue); monitor. Concomitant NNRTIs (eg, efavirenz, nevirapine, etravirine, delavirdine) or PIs (eg, atazanavir with/without ritonavir); monitor and use SL buprenorphine, if needed. Avoid concomitant Class IA (eg, quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide) or III antiarrhythmics (eg, sotalol, amiodarone, dofetilide) or drugs that prolong the QT interval. Potentiated by CYP3A4 inhibitors (eg, macrolides, azole antifungals, protease inhibitors). Antagonized by CYP3A4 inducers (eg, rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital). May antagonize diuretics; monitor. Paralytic ileus may occur with anticholinergics.

Sublocade Adverse Reactions

Adverse Reactions

Constipation, headache, nausea, inj site pruritus/pain, vomiting, increased hepatic enzymes, fatigue; orthostatic hypotension, miosis, hypersensitivity reactions, signs/symptoms of withdrawal.

Sublocade Clinical Trials

See Literature

Sublocade Note

Not Applicable

Sublocade Patient Counseling

See Literature