Xtandi

— THERAPEUTIC CATEGORIES —
  • Prostate and other male cancers

Xtandi Generic Name & Formulations

General Description

Enzalutamide 40mg; soft gelatin caps; or 40mg, 80mg; tabs.

Pharmacological Class

Androgen receptor inhibitor.

How Supplied

Caps, tabs 40mg—120; Tabs 80mg—60

Generic Availability

NO

Mechanism of Action

Enzalutamide has been shown to competitively inhibit androgen binding to androgen receptors and inhibit androgen receptor nuclear translocation and interaction with DNA.

Xtandi Indications

Indications

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). Non-metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (nmCSPC) with biochemical recurrence at high risk for metastasis.

Xtandi Dosage and Administration

Adult

Swallow whole. 160mg once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. CRPC or mCSPC: give concurrent GnRH analog or patient should have had bilateral orchiectomy. nmCSPC: may treat with or without a GnRH analog; can suspend treatment if PSA is undetectable (<0.2ng/mL) after 36 weeks; reinitiate treatment when PSA is ≥2.0ng/mL in those who had prior radical prostatectomy or ≥5.0ng/mL in those who had prior primary radiation therapy. Dose modifications: ≥Grade 3 toxicity or intolerable side effect: withhold dose for 1 week or until improvement to ≤Grade 2, then resume at same or reduced dose (120mg or 80mg), if warranted. Concomitant strong CYP2C8 inhibitors, if unavoidable: reduce to 80mg once daily. Concomitant strong CYP3A4 inducers, if unavoidable: increase to 240mg once daily. When CYP2C8 inhibitor or CYP3A4 inducer is discontinued, return enzalutamide dose to the dose used prior to initiation of the inhibitor or inducer.

Children

Not established.

Administration

Swallow whole. Take dose at the same time each day. Give concurrent GnRH analog or patient should have had bilateral orchiectomy.

Nursing Considerations

Swallow whole. Take dose at the same time each day. Give concurrent GnRH analog or patient should have had bilateral orchiectomy. Do not interrupt, modify the dose or stop treatment with consulting physician. Inform patients that a condom should be used if the patient is having sex with a pregnant woman, and that a condom and another effective method of birth control should be used if having sex with a woman of child-bearing potential. This is required during and for three months after treatment.

Xtandi Contraindications

Not Applicable

Xtandi Boxed Warnings

Not Applicable

Xtandi Warnings/Precautions

Warnings/Precautions

Risk of seizure; permanently discontinue if occurs. Discontinue if posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) develops. Monitor for ischemic heart disease; discontinue if Grade 3 or 4 develops. Manage CV risk factors (eg, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia). Evaluate for fall and fracture risk; monitor and manage as per established guidelines. Severe renal impairment or ESRD: not studied. Embryo-fetal toxicity. Advise males (w. female partners of reproductive potential) to use effective contraception during and for 3 months after the last dose.

Xtandi Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

Median Tmax: 1 hour (range: 0.5–3 hours) after a single dose of 160mg capsule; 2 hours (range: 0.5–6 hours) after a single dose of 160mg tablet.

Distribution

Mean volume of distribution: 110 L. Plasma protein bound: 97–98%.

Metabolism

Hepatic (CYP2C8, 3A4).

Elimination

Renal (71%), fecal (14%). Half-life: 5.8 days (after a single oral dose).

Xtandi Interactions

Interactions

Avoid concomitant strong CYP2C8 inhibitors (eg, gemfibrozil); if unavoidable, reduce dose (see Adult dose). Avoid concomitant strong CYP3A4 inducers (eg, rifampin); if unavoidable, increase dose (see Adult dose). Antagonizes midazolam (CYP3A4 substrate) and omeprazole (CYP2C19 substrate). May antagonize certain CYP3A4, CYP2C9, or CYP2C19 substrates; increase dose of these substrates, if unavoidable. Caution with concomitant drugs that may lower the seizure threshold.

Xtandi Adverse Reactions

Adverse Reactions

Asthenia/fatigue, back pain, hot flush, constipation, arthralgia, decreased appetite, diarrhea, hypertension; seizure, PRES, ischemic heart disease, falls, fractures, hypersensitivity reactions (permanently discontinue if severe).

Xtandi Clinical Trials

See Literature

Xtandi Note

Not Applicable

Xtandi Patient Counseling

See Literature