Sprycel

— THERAPEUTIC CATEGORIES —
  • Leukemias, lymphomas, and other hematologic cancers

Sprycel Generic Name & Formulations

General Description

Dasatinib 20mg, 50mg, 70mg, 80mg, 100mg, 140mg; tabs.

Pharmacological Class

Kinase inhibitor.

How Supplied

Tabs 20mg, 50mg, 70mg—60; 80mg, 100mg, 140mg—30

Manufacturer

Generic Availability

NO

Mechanism of Action

Dasatinib, at nanomolar concentrations, inhibits the following kinases: BCR-ABL, SRC family (SRC, LCK, YES, FYN), c-KIT, EPHA2, and PDGFRβ. Based on modeling studies, dasatinib is predicted to bind to multiple conformations of the ABL kinase. In vitro, dasatinib was active in leukemic cell lines representing variants of imatinib mesylatesensitive and resistant disease. Dasatinib inhibited the growth of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell lines overexpressing BCR-ABL. Under the conditions of the assays, dasatinib could overcome imatinib resistance resulting from BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations, activation of alternate signaling pathways involving the SRC family kinases (LYN, HCK), and multi-drug resistance gene overexpression.

Sprycel Indications

Indications

Newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase. Chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase Ph+ CML with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy including imatinib in adults. Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy in adults. Newly-diagnosed Ph+ ALL in combination with chemotherapy in children.

Sprycel Dosage and Administration

Adult

Swallow whole. Chronic phase CML: 100mg once daily; may increase to 140mg once daily if unable to achieve hematologic or cytogenic response. Continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Accelerated phase CML, myeloid or lymphoid blast CML, Ph+ ALL: 140mg once daily; may increase to 180mg once daily. Avoid concomitant strong CYP3A4 inhibitors; if unavoidable, consider reducing Sprycel dose (see full labeling). Avoid concomitant strong CYP3A4 inducers; if unavoidable, consider increasing Sprycel dose (monitor). Dose adjustments for toxicity: see full labeling.

Children

Swallow whole. <1yr or <10kg: not recommended. ≥1yr: Chronic phase CML: 10–<20kg: initially 40mg once daily; may increase to max 50mg/day. 20–<30kg: initially 60mg once daily; may increase to max 70mg/day. 30–<45kg: initially 70mg once daily; may increase to max 90mg/day. ≥45kg: initially 100mg once daily; may increase to max 120mg/day. Continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Ph+ ALL (initiate on or before Day 15 of induction chemotherapy when diagnosis confirmed): 10–<20kg: 40mg once daily; 20–<30kg: 60mg once daily; 30–<45kg: 70mg once daily; ≥45kg: 100mg once daily. Continue for max 2yrs. Both: recalculate dose every 3 months based on changes in body weight. Avoid concomitant strong CYP3A4 inhibitors; if unavoidable, consider reducing Sprycel dose (see full labeling). Avoid concomitant strong CYP3A4 inducers; if unavoidable, consider increasing Sprycel dose (monitor). Dose adjustments for toxicity: see full labeling.

Sprycel Contraindications

Not Applicable

Sprycel Boxed Warnings

Not Applicable

Sprycel Warnings/Precautions

Warnings/Precautions

Risk of severe myelosuppression. Obtain CBCs every 2 weeks for 12 weeks, then every 3 months thereafter (chronic phase CML) or weekly for the first 2 months, then monthly thereafter (advanced phase CML or Ph+ ALL). In children with Ph+ ALL on combination chemotherapy, obtain CBCs before starting each block of chemotherapy and as clinically indicated; do every 2 days until recovery during consolidation. Monitor for cardiac dysfunction; treat appropriately if occur. Congenital long QT syndrome. Proarrhythmic conditions. Cumulative high-dose anthracycline therapy. Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia; correct electrolyte imbalances before starting and during therapy. Monitor for pleural effusions. Increased risk of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); evaluate for signs/symptoms of underlying cardiopulmonary disease before and during treatment; permanently discontinue if occurs. Permanently discontinue if severe skin reactions (eg, Stevens-Johnson syndrome) occur. Increased risk of tumor lysis syndrome in advanced stage disease and/or high tumor burden. Maintain adequate hydration. Correct uric acid levels before therapy and monitor electrolytes. Monitor AST/ALT at baseline, monthly, or as needed during therapy. Hepatic impairment. Elderly. Embryo-fetal toxicity. Pregnancy: avoid. Advise females of reproductive potential and males (w. female partners) to use effective contraception during and for 30 days after the last dose. Nursing mothers: not recommended (during and for 2 weeks after the last dose).

Sprycel Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

The maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) of dasatinib are seen between 0.5 hours and 6 hours (Tmax) following oral administration.

A high-fat meal increased the mean AUC of dasatinib following a single dose of 100 mg by 14%.

Distribution

Apparent volume of distribution is 2505 L (CV% 93%).

Plasma protein bound: ~96% (dasatinib); 93% (active metabolite).

Metabolism

Hepatic (CYP3A4).

Elimination

Fecal (85%), renal (4%). Half-life: 3–5 hours.

Sprycel Interactions

Interactions

May be potentiated by strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (eg, ketoconazole), grapefruit juice; see Adults. May be antagonized by strong CYP3A4 inducers (eg, rifampin), St. John's wort; see Adults. Separate dosing of antacids by at least 2hrs; H2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors: not recommended. Increased risk of hemorrhage with concomitant antiplatelets or anticoagulants. Caution with antiarrhythmics or other drugs that may lead to QT prolongation. Hepatotoxicity with concomitant chemotherapy; monitor LFTs.

Sprycel Adverse Reactions

Adverse Reactions

Myelosuppression, fluid retention, diarrhea, headache, dyspnea, musculoskeletal pain, rash, fatigue, nausea, severe hemorrhage (eg, CNS, GI); QT prolongation, cardiac events, PAH, severe skin reactions, hepatotoxicity. Also in children: effects on bone growth and development (monitor).

Sprycel Clinical Trials

See Literature

Sprycel Note

Not Applicable

Sprycel Patient Counseling

See Literature