Kabiven

— THERAPEUTIC CATEGORIES —
  • Parenteral nutrition

Kabiven Generic Name & Formulations

General Description

Lipid 20% (Intralipid 20%) emulsion (soybean oil 3.9g), dextrose anhydrous 9.8g, amino acids 3.31g, total nitrogen 526mg, electrolytes (sodium acetate 239mg, potassium chloride 174mg, sodium glycerophosphate 147mg, magnesium sulfate 96mg, calcium chloride 29mg); per 100mL; for IV infusion after mixed; contains aluminum.

Pharmacological Class

Macronutrients + electrolytes.

How Supplied

Emulsion (2566mL, 2053mL, 1540mL, 1026mL)—1

Manufacturer

Generic Availability

NO

Mechanism of Action

The amino acids provide the structural units that make up proteins and are used to synthesize proteins and other biomolecules or are oxidized to urea and carbon dioxide as a source of energy. The administered dextrose is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, yielding energy. Intravenously administered lipids provide a biologically utilizable source of calories and essential fatty acids.

Kabiven Indications

Indications

To provide a source of calories, protein, electrolytes, and essential fatty acids in adults requiring parenteral nutrition when oral or enteral nutrition is not possible, insufficient, or contraindicated. May be used to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency or treat negative nitrogen balance.

Kabiven Dosage and Administration

Adult

Individualize. Dose based on patient’s clinical condition, body wt, nutritional/fluid requirements, and additional energy given orally/enterally. Administer by IV infusion via a central vein only. Usual dose: 19–38mL/kg/day; max: 40mL/kg/day. Max infusion rate: 2.6mL/kg/hr. Usual infusion duration: 12–24 hours; may continue treatment based on patient’s clinical condition. If serum triglycerides (>400mg/dL): interrupt infusion and monitor serum triglycerides; restart at a lower rate once triglycerides are <400mg/dL; increase in smaller increments and check levels before each adjustment. Renal impairment: may adjust dose based on protein requirements; see full labeling.

Children

<2yrs: not recommended.

Kabiven Contraindications

Contraindications

Concomitant treatment with ceftriaxone in neonates ≤28 days of age. Egg, soybean or peanut allergy. Severe disorders of lipid metabolism characterized by hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglyceride >1000mg/dL). Inborn errors of amino acid metabolism. Cardiopulmonary instability (including pulmonary edema, cardiac insufficiency, MI, acidosis, hemodynamic instability requiring significant vasopressor support). Hemophagocytic syndrome.

Kabiven Boxed Warnings

Not Applicable

Kabiven Warnings/Precautions

Warnings/Precautions

Clinical decompensation with rapid IV infusion in neonates/infants. Risk of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (eg, cholestasis or hepatic steatosis), other hepatobiliary disorders (eg, cholecystitis and cholelithiasis); monitor liver function and consider discontinuation or dose reduction if abnormalities occur. Correct severe fluid, electrolyte and acid-base disorders prior to initiating. Measure serum triglycerides at baseline, with each dose increase, and regularly during therapy. Discontinue and treat if hypersensitivity reactions occur. Monitor for signs/symptoms of infection. Severely undernourished: monitor closely and slowly increase nutrient intake. Diabetes or hyperglycemia. Risk of pulmonary embolism and respiratory distress due to pulmonary vascular precipitates; discontinue and evaluate if occurs. Monitor essential fatty acids, fluids, electrolytes, serum osmolarity, blood glucose, liver and kidney function, CBCs, coagulation parameters, and overall energy intake periodically during treatment. Pulmonary edema or heart failure: monitor fluid status closely. Renal or hepatic impairment. Elderly. Pregnancy. Nursing mothers.

Kabiven Pharmacokinetics

See Literature

Kabiven Interactions

Interactions

See Contraindications. Do not administer simultaneously with ceftriaxone via a Y-site: precipitation can occur; may administer sequentially if infusion lines are thoroughly flushed. Vitamin K content may antagonize anticoagulants (eg, coumarin, warfarin); monitor. High lipid levels in plasma may interfere with blood tests (eg, hemoglobin, triglycerides, bilirubin, LDH, oxygen saturation).

Kabiven Adverse Reactions

Adverse Reactions

Nausea, pyrexia, hypertension, vomiting, decreased hemoglobin and total protein, hypokalemia, increased gamma glutamyltransferase; hyperglycemia, hyperosmolar syndrome, refeeding syndrome, thrombophlebitis, hepatobiliary disorders, hypertriglyceridemia, aluminum toxicity (esp. preterm infants, renal impairment); rare: fat overload syndrome.

Kabiven Clinical Trials

See Literature

Kabiven Note

Not Applicable

Kabiven Patient Counseling

See Literature