Tobi

— THERAPEUTIC CATEGORIES —
  • Bacterial infections

Tobi Generic Name & Formulations

General Description

Tobramycin 300mg/5mL; per amp; soln for oral inhalation; preservative-free.

Pharmacological Class

Aminoglycoside.

How Supplied

Single-dose amps (5mL)—56

Generic Availability

YES

Mechanism of Action

Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibacterial produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It acts primarily by disrupting protein synthesis, leading to altered cell membrane permeability, progressive disruption of the cell envelope, and eventual cell death.

Tobi Indications

Indications

Management of cystic fibrosis patients with P. aeruginosa.

Tobi Dosage and Administration

Adults and Children

<6yrs: not established. Use the correct nebulizer/compressor. Administer by oral inhalation over a 15-minute period. Give in alternate 28-day cycles (28 days on, 28 days off). ≥6yrs: 300mg (1 amp) twice daily, as close to every 12hrs as possible (must be at least 6hrs apart). Give last when using multiple inhalation therapies.

Tobi Contraindications

Not Applicable

Tobi Boxed Warnings

Not Applicable

Tobi Warnings/Precautions

Warnings/Precautions

Safety and efficacy have not been demonstrated in patients <6yrs, in those with FEV1 <25% or >75% predicted, or patients colonized with B. cepacia. Auditory/vestibular dysfunction; monitor closely; if ototoxicity occurs, manage and discontinue if appropriate. Risk for ototoxicity (known maternal history of ototoxicity due to aminoglycoside use or mitochondrial DNA variants); consider alternative therapies. Consider obtaining audiometric evaluations at baseline (esp. at risk of auditory dysfunction). Monitor for high frequency hearing loss if tinnitus occurs. Renal dysfunction or neuromuscular disorders (eg, myasthenia gravis, Parkinson's disease); monitor closely. Monitor serum tobramycin levels in renal dysfunction patients or if treated with concomitant IV aminoglycosides. Consider discontinuing if nephrotoxicity occurs. Elderly. Embryo-fetal toxicity. Pregnancy. Nursing mothers: monitor infant.

Tobi Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

The bioavailability of Tobi may vary because of individual differences in nebulizer performance and airway pathology. Following administration of Tobi, tobramycin remains concentrated primarily in the airways. 

Distribution

Following administration of Tobi, tobramycin remains concentrated primarily in the airways. Binding of tobramycin to serum proteins is negligible. 

Elimination

Renal. Half-life: 2–3 hours.

Tobi Interactions

Interactions

Concomitant ethacrynic acid, furosemide, urea, IV mannitol: not recommended. Diuretics may increase toxicity. Avoid concurrent or sequential use with other oto-, neuro-, or nephrotoxic drugs. Monitor with concomitant systemic aminoglycosides. Do not mix in nebulizer with dornase alfa.

Tobi Adverse Reactions

Adverse Reactions

Increased cough, pharyngitis, increased sputum, dyspnea, hemoptysis, decreased lung function, voice alteration, taste perversion, rash; tinnitus (monitor if occurs), bronchospasm.

Tobi Clinical Trials

See Literature

Tobi Note

Not Applicable

Tobi Patient Counseling

See Literature