Jesduvroq

— THERAPEUTIC CATEGORIES —
  • Anemias

Jesduvroq Generic Name & Formulations

General Description

Daprodustat 1mg, 2mg, 4mg, 6mg, 8mg; tabs.

Pharmacological Class

Hypoxia-inducible factor inhibitor.

How Supplied

Tabs—30

Storage

Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15°C and 30°C (59°F to 86°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].

Manufacturer

Generic Availability

NO

Mechanism of Action

Daprodustat is a reversible inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), prolyl 4-hydroxylases (PH)1, PH2 and PH3. This activity results in the stabilization and nuclear accumulation of HIF-1α and HIF-2α transcription factors, leading to increased transcription of the HIF-responsive genes, including erythropoietin.

Jesduvroq Indications

Indications

Anemia due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults who have been receiving dialysis for ≥4mos. 

Limitations of Use

Not been shown to improve quality of life, fatigue, or patient well-being. Not indicated for red blood cell transfusion substitute in patients who require immediate correction of anemia. Not for anemia of CKD in patients not on dialysis. 

Jesduvroq Dosage and Administration

Adult

Use lowest effective dose. Individualize. Swallow whole. Not being treated with ESA: Pre-treatment Hgb (<9g/dL): 4mg once daily; (9–10g/dL): 2mg once daily; (>10g/dL): 1mg once daily. Switching from ESA (eg, epoetin alfa, darbepoetin alfa, methoxy PEG-epoetin beta): see full labeling. Max Hgb target: 11g/dL. Max treatment: 24 weeks. Moderate hepatic impairment or concomitant moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors: reduce initial dose by ½, unless already taking 1mg.

Children

Not established.

Jesduvroq Contraindications

Contraindications

Concomitant strong CYP2C8 inhibitor (eg, gemfibrozil). Uncontrolled hypertension.

Jesduvroq Boxed Warnings

Boxed Warning

Increased risk of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, venous thromboembolism, thrombosis of vascular access. 

Jesduvroq Warnings/Precautions

Warnings/Precautions

Increased risk for thrombotic vascular events (may be fatal), including myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, venous thromboembolism, vascular access thrombosis; evaluate if occurs. History of MI, cerebrovascular event, or acute coronary syndrome within 3mos prior to initiation; not recommended. Preexisting history of heart failure increases risk for hospitalization. Monitor BP periodically. History of GI erosions, peptic ulcer disease, concomitant medications that increase risk of GI erosion, tobacco smokers, use of alcohol. Active malignancies: not recommended. Correct and exclude other causes of anemia (eg, vitamin deficiency, metabolic or chronic inflammatory conditions, bleeding) prior to initiation. Evaluate iron levels prior to and during treatment; give supplemental iron when serum ferritin <100mcg/mL or serum transferrin saturation <20%. Assess ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin prior to initiation; repeat tests if signs of liver disease develop. Monitor Hgb every 2 weeks for the first month, then every 4 weeks thereafter, following therapy initiation and after each dose adjustment. Moderate hepatic impairment: reduce initial dose. Severe hepatic impairment: not recommended. Pregnancy. Nursing mothers: not recommended (during and for 1 week after the last dose).

Jesduvroq Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

Following oral administration, median time to peak concentration (Tmax): range from 1–4 hours. Absolute bioavailability: 65%. 

Distribution

Following IV dosing, the volume of distribution at steady-state: 14.3 L. Plasma protein bound: >99%.

Metabolism

Hepatic (CYP2C8). 

Elimination

Fecal (74%), renal (21%). Half-life: 1–4 hours. 

Jesduvroq Interactions

Interactions

See Contraindications. Potentiated by moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors (eg, clopidogrel); monitor Hgb and adjust daprodustat dose. Antagonized by CYP2C8 inducers (eg, rifampin); monitor Hgb and adjust daprodustat dose. 

Jesduvroq Adverse Reactions

Adverse Reactions

Hypertension, thrombotic vascular events, abdominal pain; MI, stroke, VTE, thrombosis of vascular access, GI erosion.

Jesduvroq Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

The approval was based on data from the phase 3 ASCEND-D trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02879305), which included 2964 patients with anemia of CKD who were on dialysis. Patients were randomly assigned to receive daprodustat or a recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO; darbepoetin alfa or epoetin alfa). 

The coprimary endpoints were the mean change in the hemoglobin level from baseline to weeks 28 through 52, and the time to first occurrence of adjudicated major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE; a composite of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke), using a noninferiority comparison to rhEPO.

Results showed that patients in the daprodustat arm achieved a mean change in hemoglobin level of 0.3±0.02g/dL compared with 0.10±0.02g/dL in the rhEPO arm (difference, 0.2g/dL; 95% CI, 0.1-0.2), which met the prespecified noninferiority margin of -0.75g/dL. After a median follow-up of 2.5 years, MACE occurred in 25.2% (n=374/1487) of patients in the daprodustat arm and 26.7% (n=394/1477) of patients in the rhEPO arm (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.81-1.07), which met the prespecified noninferiority margin.

Jesduvroq Note

Not Applicable

Jesduvroq Patient Counseling

See Literature

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