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Glipizide/metformin Generic Name & Formulations
Legal Class
Rx
General Description
Glipizide/metformin HCl; 2.5mg/250mg, 2.5mg/500mg, 5mg/500mg; tabs.
Pharmacological Class
Sulfonylurea (2nd generation) + biguanide.
How Supplied
Contact supplier.
Manufacturer
Glipizide/metformin Indications
Indications
Adjunct to diet and exercise in type 2 diabetes, as initial therapy or as second-line therapy when response to a sulfonylurea or metformin is inadequate.
Glipizide/metformin Dosage and Administration
Adult
Take with meals. First-line: initially 2.5mg/250mg once daily; or, if fasting plasma glucose is 280–320mg/dL, may start at 2.5mg/500mg twice daily. May increase by 1 tab/day every 2 weeks; max 10mg/1000mg or 10mg/2000mg per day in divided doses. Second-line: (previously treated with sulfonylurea or metformin only): 2.5mg/500mg or 5mg/500mg twice daily (AM & PM) (initial dose should not exceed previous daily doses of individual components); may increase by increments of ≤5mg/500mg up to minimum effective dose or max 20mg/2000mg per day. Previously treated with combination therapy (sulfonylurea plus metformin): may be switched to 2.5mg/500mg or 5mg/500mg (initial dose should not exceed previous daily doses of individual components). Elderly: avoid max doses.
Children
Not established.
Glipizide/metformin Contraindications
Contraindications
Renal disease or dysfunction. Metabolic acidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis with or without coma. Concomitant intravascular iodinated contrast agents (suspend during and for 48hrs).
Glipizide/metformin Boxed Warnings
Not Applicable
Glipizide/metformin Warnings/Precautions
Warnings/Precautions
Increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Discontinue if lactic acidosis, shock, acute CHF, acute MI, sepsis, or hypoxemia occurs. Confirm normal renal function before starting therapy (esp. in patients ≥80yrs); monitor renal function. Avoid in hepatic disease. G6PD deficiency. Suspend before surgery that requires fasting. Monitor hematology (esp. serum Vit. B12 in susceptible patients). Elderly, debilitated, uncompensated strenuous exercise, malnourished, or deficient caloric intake, adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, alcohol intoxication increases hypoglycemia risk. Pregnancy (Cat.C), nursing mothers: not recommended, consider using insulin instead.
Glipizide/metformin Pharmacokinetics
See Literature
Glipizide/metformin Interactions
Interactions
Glipizide potentiated by NSAIDs, highly protein-bound drugs, salicylates, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, probenecid, coumarins, MAOIs, β-blockers, oral miconazole (possibly), fluconazole. May be antagonized by thiazides, diuretics, steroids, phenytoin, phenothiazines, nicotinic acid, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blockers, isoniazid, thyroid products, estrogens, oral contraceptives. May be antagonized by colesevelam; administer glipizide/metformin HCl ≥4hrs prior to colesevelam. Cationic drugs eliminated by renal tubular secretion (eg, amiloride, cimetidine, digoxin, morphine, procainamide, quinidine, quinine, trimethoprim, ranitidine, triamterene, vancomycin), furosemide, nifedipine: may increase metformin levels. Avoid excessive alcohol intake (potentiates effects of metformin on lactate).
Glipizide/metformin Adverse Reactions
Adverse Reactions
Lactic acidosis (rare, ½ the cases are fatal), GI upset, abdominal pain, upper respiratory infection, headache, dizziness, hypertension, musculoskeletal pain, hypoglycemia.
Glipizide/metformin Clinical Trials
See Literature
Glipizide/metformin Note
Notes
Formerly known under the brand name Metaglip.
Glipizide/metformin Patient Counseling
See Literature
