Nadolol

Nadolol specifically competes with β-adrenergic receptor agonists for available β receptor sites; it inhibits both the β₁-receptors located chiefly in cardiac muscle and the β₂-receptors located chiefly in the bronchial and vascular musculature, inhibiting the chronotropic, inotropic, and vasodilator responses to β-adrenergic stimulation proportionately. Its antihypertensive effects may involve: competitive antagonism of catecholamines at peripheral adrenergic neuron sites (especially cardiac) leading to decreased cardiac output, a central effect leading to reduced tonicsympathetic nerve outflow to the periphery, and suppression of renin secretion by blockade of the β-adrenergic receptors responsible for renin release from the kidneys.

Nadolol specifically competes with β-adrenergic receptor agonists for available β receptor sites; it inhibits both the β₁-receptors located chiefly in cardiac muscle and the β₂-receptors located chiefly in the bronchial and vascular musculature, inhibiting the chronotropic, inotropic, and vasodilator responses to β-adrenergic stimulation proportionately. Its antihypertensive effects may involve: competitive antagonism of catecholamines at peripheral adrenergic neuron sites (especially cardiac) leading to decreased cardiac output, a central effect leading to reduced tonicsympathetic nerve outflow to the periphery, and suppression of renin secretion by blockade of the β-adrenergic receptors responsible for renin release from the kidneys.